Daily Maintenance And Repair Of Fiber Laser Head

Source:razorteklaser  Time:2024-12-13

The daily maintenance and upkeep of fiber laser cutting machines are very important. The following will mainly explain from five aspects:

1. Replacement of circulating water and cleaning of water tank: Before the machine starts working, the laser tube must be filled with circulating water. The quality and temperature of the circulating water will directly affect the service life of the laser tube. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly replace the circulating water and clean the water tank. It's best to do it once a week.

2. Fan cleaning: When the fan in the machine is used for a long time, it will accumulate a large amount of solid dust, causing the fan to produce a lot of noise, which is not conducive to exhaust and deodorization. When the smoke drawn in by the fan is insufficient, it is necessary to clean the fan.

3. Cleaning of lenses: There will be some mirrors and focusing lenses on the machine. The laser is reflected through these lenses, focused, and emitted from the laser head. Lenses are easily contaminated by dust or other pollutants, which can cause laser loss or lens damage, so it is necessary to clean the lenses daily.

4. Tightening of screws and couplings: After the motion system works for a period of time, the screws and couplings at the motion connection will loosen, affecting the smoothness of mechanical motion. Therefore, it is necessary to observe whether there are any abnormal sounds or phenomena in the transmission components during the operation of the machine. If any problems are found, they should be promptly strengthened and maintained. At the same time, the machine should use tools to tighten the screws one by one.

5. Optical path inspection: The optical path system of the machine is made of mirror reflection and focuses together with the focusing lens. No deviation problem was found in the optical path of the focusing lens, but the three mirror surfaces are fixed by mechanical components, and there is a high possibility of deviation. Although it usually does not occur, it is recommended that users check whether the optical path is normal before each operation. It is necessary to check the lubrication of the X-axis guide rail and screw, Y-axis guide rail and screw, Z-axis guide rail and screw every week to maintain lubrication of all moving parts and extend the service life of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis guide rails and screw.

Regularly inspect the surface contamination of the reflector and focusing lens according to the workshop environment, clean the optical lens in a timely manner, and ensure its service life. Regularly check the filters in the air circuit and promptly remove water and debris from the filters. Regularly check if the travel switch bracket and protrusion bracket screws are loose. Timely clean the dust on the ventilation fan filter screen of the electrical control cabinet to ensure good ventilation and promote the heat dissipation of internal electrical components. Timely clean the debris in the protective skin cavity of the bed guide rail to prevent damage to the guide rail and extend its service life. After installing and using the machine tool for a period of time, the level of the machine tool should be adjusted again to ensure the cutting accuracy of the machine tool and the cleanliness of the lens.

During the replacement process, attention should be paid to the placement, inspection, and installation of optical lenses to protect them from damage and contamination. After installing a new lens, please clean it regularly. When the laser penetrates the material, a large amount of gas and splashes are released from the working surface, which may damage the lens. When pollutants fall on the surface of the lens, they absorb the energy of the laser beam, resulting in a thermal lens effect. If the lens has not yet generated thermal stress, the operator can remove it and clean it. During lens installation and cleaning, any viscous substances, even nail polish drops, will increase the absorption rate of the lens and shorten its service life. 

Therefore, the following preventive measures must be taken:

1. Do not install the lens by hand. Finger gloves or rubber gloves should be worn;

2. Do not use sharp tools to avoid scratching the surface of the lens;

3. Do not touch the film layer when taking out the lens, but grip the edge of the lens;

4. The lens should be placed in a dry and clean place for testing and cleaning;

This can effectively reduce the possibility of lens contamination. Cotton balls dipped in acetone must be cleaned under light and moved in a circular motion. Once the cotton swab becomes dirty, it must be replaced. Cleaning should be done all at once to avoid the formation of wavy bars. If a lens has two coated surfaces, such as one lens, each surface needs to be cleaned in this way. The first side needs to be placed on clean lens paper for protection. If acetone cannot remove all dirt, please rinse with vinegar. Vinegar cleaning is used to remove dirt by dissolving it, but it does not damage optical lenses. Vinegar can be experimental grade (diluted to 50% concentration) or household white vinegar containing 6% acetic acid, and the cleaning procedure is the same as acetone cleaning. Then remove the vinegar with acetone and dry the lens. Cotton balls should be replaced frequently to fully absorb acid and moisture until they are clean. When pollutants and lens damage cannot be removed by cleaning, especially when the film is burned out due to metal splashes and dirt, the only way to restore good performance is to replace the lens.

Laser cutting head malfunction and maintenance:

Electrodes and nozzles are the largest consumables in the daily operation of CNC plasma cutting machines, especially for imported electrodes and nozzles. Therefore, effectively extending the service life of electrodes and nozzles will greatly reduce the production cost of plasma cutting. The consumption of electrodes and nozzles is related to various factors, such as air pressure, cooling water pressure, voltage, current, gas supply quality, and the quality of vulnerable parts. Abnormal consumption caused by some machine malfunctions must also be taken into account. I have encountered the phenomenon of frequent combustion of the entire set of electrodes and nozzles during arc ignition of the cutting machine, some of which burn within 0.5-1 hour after cutting, which is abnormal consumption.